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Thailand
Thailand is a middle-income country that has made a great deal of progress in the past few years in terms of human development. However, inequalities persist as the cities continue to grow and improve, while the rural areas are lagging. Poverty is still a problem in the North, Northeast, and South of the country. In 2004, 7 million people lived in absolute poverty, 87% of which are farmers and farm workers residing in rural areas. The quality of education and lack of adequate training for workers exacerbate the cycle of poverty.
Inequality also persists in access to health services. Among the hill tribe people, residing in the northern areas, child malnutrition persists. In the Muslim-majority area in the far South maternal mortality rates remain very high. Also, natural disasters and pollution are on the rise.
HIV/AIDS remains as an issue. Although the nation has been very successful in reducing the overall incidence of HIV/AIDS, new infections have been identified in the at-risk population residing in the South and industrial areas. In 2003, it was estimated that HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate was 1.5% or 570,000 people were living with HIV/AIDS. The country is affected by mortality due to AIDS, an estimated 58,000 deaths in 2003, which can also result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected. Thais are also at a high degree of risk for several infectious diseases.
Sources:
Thailand Human Development Report 2007
The World Bank — Country Brief
CIA World Factbook
UNDP Human Development Index
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